See:cage guide; fixed guides; rope guide.
See:hoistman
a. Actual horsepower produced by the engine after deducting the drag of
accessories. Also called flywheel horsepower; belt horsepower.
Nichols, 1
b. The shaft horsepower of a winding engine is the average load of coal or
ore in pounds (kilograms) raised per wind multiplied by the average number
of winds per minute (which may be a fraction) multiplied by the depth of
the shaft in feet and the product divided by 33,000. Sinclair, 5
A building at the mouth of a shaft, where ore or rock is received from a
mine. Weed, 2
The point where a horizontal tunnel intersects a shaft. Syn:mounting
See also:inset
Eng. See:kip
The lighting of shafts at landing stations is often found to be far from
ideal. Work in the cages, during loading and unloading, and examination of
shaft gear, are facilitated by the provision of fittings to provide a
directional flux distribution in such a way that light is thrown forwards
from the pit bottom or inset roadway into the shaft area. There must also
be adequate illumination on a vertical plane at the shaft inset.
Roberts, 2
The timber, steel, brick, or concrete structure fixed around a shaft to
support the walls. In modern shafts, a concrete lining is generally
favored as a permanent shaft support. Nelson
a. A mine in which the coal seam is reached by a vertical shaft which may
vary in depth from less than 100 ft (30 m) to several thousand feet.
Kentucky
b. A mine in which the main entry or access is by means of a shaft.
CF:drift mining
See:mixer
a. A large area of a coal seam that is left unworked around the shaft
bottom to protect the shaft and the surface buildings from damage by
subsidence. All roadways in the shaft pillar are narrow, and coal faces
are not opened out until the limit line of the shaft pillar is reached.
The area of the shaft pillar is considerably greater than the surface area
requiring protection. Syn:high pillar
pillar. Nelson
b. A solid block of ore left around the shaft where it crosses the lode,
for protection against earth movement. Pryor, 3
a. The operation of transferring one or more points at the surface of a
vertical shaft to plumb line positions at the bottom of the shaft; a
method to ensure that a shaft is sunk in the true vertical line.
See also:centering of shaft
b. Survey operation in which the orientation of two plumb bobs is measured
both at the surface and at depth in order to transfer the bearing
underground. See also:Weisbach triangle
a. Ore storage, excavated at depth, which receives trammed ore pending
removal by skip. Pryor, 3
b. Loading pockets of one or more compartments for different classes of
ore and for waste built at the shaft stations. They are cut into the walls
on one or both sides of a vertical shaft or in the hanging wall of an
inclined shaft. See also:pocket
c. See:measuring chute
See:raising
A drawing or log giving details of the structure and the nature of strata
intersected by a shaft. BS, 7
a. Supporting frame of timber, masonry, or steel that supports the sides
of a shaft and the gear. Composed of two wallplates, two end plates, and
dividers that form shaft compartments. Pryor, 3
b. A system of mine timbering similar to square sets. The shaft sets are
placed from the surface downward, each new set supported from the set
above until it is blocked in place. New wallplates are suspended from
those of the set above by hanging bolts. Blocking, wedging, and lagging
complete the work of timbering. At stations the shaft posts are made much
longer than usual to give ample head room for unloading timber and other
supplies. Lewis
The station or landing-place arranged for the full and empty tubs at the
bottom of the winding shaft. Peel
Code of electric ringing, or for shallow depths, knocking, among the
onsetter or hitcher at the shaft bottom, the banksman at the top, and the
engineman who operates the winder. Signals inform the latter as to type of
load, etc. A telephone is also installed. Pryor, 3
A device, usually mounted in the winding engine house, which gives visual
indication of the signals received from the banksman and the onsetter to
regulate the movement of conveyances in a shaft, and that retains the
indication until cancelled. BS, 13
A device that records, on paper or otherwise, the signals given by the
banksman and the onsetter and the movements of the winder drum.
BS, 13
a. Excavating a shaft downwards, usually from the surface, to the workable
coal or ore. High sinking rates are possible by (1) mechanical mucking,
(2) increased winding capacity, (3) improved concrete supply and placing,
(4) improved surface layout, and (5) improved methods of blasting.
Nelson
b. Excavating a shaft with a shaft-sinking drill. CF:raise