a. A thin, hard layer of rock encountered in drilling a well.
CF:shale break
b. The crust of the Earth. Also, any of the continuous and distinctive
concentric zones or layers composing the interior of the Earth (beneath
the crust). The term was formerly used for what is now called the mantle.
Syn:Earth shell
c. A sedimentary deposit consisting primarily of animal shells.
AGI
d. A steel tube from which air or other gas at high pressure is discharged
with explosive force in a shothole; as used with Cardox, Hydrox, and air
blasting. BS, 12
e. Incorrectly used by some drillers as a syn. for reaming shell; also
incorrectly used as a syn. for the inner or outer tube of a core barrel.
Long
f. A metal or paper case that holds a charge of powder. Fay
g. A group of electrons in an atom, all of which have the same principal
quantum number. CTD
h. Any thin-wall tubular device. Long
i. A torpedo used in oil wells. Fay
j. A hollow structure or vessel. ASM, 1
k. An article formed by deep drawing. ASM, 1
l. The metal sleeve remaining when a billet is extruded with a dummy flock
of somewhat smaller diameter. ASM, 1
m. In shell molding, a hard layer of sand and thermosetting plastic or
resin formed over a pattern and used as the mold wall. ASM, 1
n. A tabular casting used in making seamless drawn tube. ASM, 1
o. A pierced forging. ASM, 1
p. In a grinding mill, external cylinder and ends. Pryor, 3
q. The falling away of a 1- to 2-in (2.5- to 5.1-cm) internal layer of
refractory from the roof of an all-basic open-hearth steel furnace; the
probable cause is the combined effect of flux migration, temperature
gradient, and stress. This form of wear is also known as slabbing.
Dodd
r. The shell of a hollow clay building block refers to the outer walls of
the block. Dodd
s. A curved form of plate constuction applicable to roofs. Hammond
Method of making exploratory shallow bores in soft ground using an auger
for clay and a shell, or sandpump, for sands. Syn:post-hole auger
Pryor, 3
A cameo carved from shell with raised figure cut from white layers and the
background cut away to the darker layers.
The difference between the outside diameter of a bit or core barrel and
the outside set or gage diameter of a reaming shell. Long
See:shell
Lump lime which, when flaked, has a characteristic shell-like appearance.
It is used mainly in Scotland. Osborne
a. A sandy, clayey, or limy deposit, loose or weakly consolidated,
containing abundant molluscan shells; a common term in the coastal plain
of the Southeastern United States. AGI
b. A light-colored calcareous deposit formed on the bottoms of small
freshwater lakes, composed largely of uncemented mollusk shells and
precipitated calcium carbonate, along with the hard parts of minute
organisms. AGI
A simple form of sand pump or sludger consisting of a hollow cylinder with
a ball or clack valve at the bottom, which is used with a flush of water
to remove detritus. See also:sand pump; sludger. Webster 3rd
A thin and generally hard stratum encountered in drilling.
See also:shell
In coal mining, a niche in the rib along a haulage road into which one may
step to avoid passing trains. Also known as a manhole.
An adapted coal-cutting machine in which the picks of the cutter chain are
replaced by loading flights. The machine hauls itself along the face, the
jib leading, by means of an anchored rope. The flights push the prepared
coal up a ramp onto the face conveyor, and on their return path to the
back of the prepared coal; they fold back and then open up for coal
loading as they emerge at the end of the jib. It requires well-prepared
coal for successful operation, and will load only in one direction;
consequently it has to be flitted back along the coal face. The jib can be
swung into line with the body for flitting. Mason
Aust. A miner who preserves legal rights to a claim without working on it.
Standard, 2
Preserving the rights in a mining claim while doing the minimum possible
amount of developing. Nelson
To coat an article of iron or steel with zinc by covering with zinc dust
in a tightly closed drum and heating for several hours at 300 to 420
degrees C so that a zinc-iron alloy is formed at the surface through the
action of zinc vapor. Webster 3rd
A galvanizing process in which the metal to be coated is heated, with or
without tumbling, in contact with zinc dust. Liddell
a. A fragment or broken piece of pottery. AGI
b. See:shard
A variety of clinochlore of the chlorite group.
a. A valuable and important variety of topaz the color of sherry wine.
b. An incorrect name for citrine of the same color.
An electromagnetic vibrator used in shaking table mechanisms, concrete
consolidation, ore feeders, and screens. Pryor, 3
A tetragonal mineral, Ca9 Al2 V28 O80 .56H
2 O ; blue-black.
a. A framework or diaphragm of steel, iron, or wood, used in tunneling and
mining in unconsolidated materials. It is moved forward at the end of the
tunnel or adit in process of excavation, and is used to support the ground
ahead of the lining and to aid in its construction. AGI
b. A large area of exposed basement rocks in a craton, commonly with a
very gently convex surface, surrounded by sediment-covered platforms;
e.g., Canadian Shield, Baltic Shield. The rocks of virtually all shield
areas are Precambrian. Syn:continental shield; cratogene;
continental nucleus. AGI
c. In longwall mining, the hydraulically powered roof supports that
protect the face workers and advance as the panel is extracted.