See:kaolin
a. A more or less rounded mass of lava from a few inches to several feet
in diameter, generally vesicular, at least inside, thrown from the throat
of a volcano during an explosive eruption.
b. An ellipsoidal, discoidal, or irregularly rounded mass of lava ejected
at a high temperature during a volcanic eruption. Bombs range upwards in
size from the largest lapilli. They are characterized by a well-defined
crust and are often cellular or even hollow internally. Holmes, 2
c. A missile containing an explosive, as dynamite.
d. A heavy-walled reaction vessel or autoclave. Used to carry out
reactions at high pressure and high temperature. Hurlbut
A strong steel vessel used for determining the heat produced during
combustion; used, for example, for determining the calorific value of a
fuel. Nelson
a. A rich body of ore or a rich part of a deposit; a mine is in bonanza
when it is operating profitably. Also, discontinuous locally rich ore
deposits, esp. epithermal ones. Etymol: Sp., prosperity, success.
AGI
b. In miners' phrase, good luck, or a body of rich ore.
c. Part of a precious mineral deposit that is esp. rich.
Bateman, 2
A monoclinic mineral, CuSO4 .3H2 O ; blue; partly dehydrated
from chalcanthite.
An agreement between a mine owner and tributor that gives the latter the
option of buying the mine before the lease expires. Nelson
A theory of crushing and grinding; the energy (h) required for crushing
varies inversely as the modulus of elasticity (E) and specific gravity
(S), and directly as the square of the compressive strength (C) and as the
approximate reduction ration (n). The energy in horsepower hours required
to crush a short ton of material is given by the following equation, in
which all quantities are in feet per second units: h = [0.001748C (super
2) / SE] [(n + 2) (n - 1) / n]. The theory is due to F. C. Bond and J. T.
Wang. Dodd
An antimony yellow developed by Fourgeroux de Bondaroy in 1766: 12 parts
white lead; 3 parts potassium antimonate; 1 part alum; 1 part sal
ammoniac. Dodd
A clay that, because of its plasticity, serves to bond relatively
nonplastic materials in the fabrication of ceramic or other molded
products (green bond). Also, a clay that, on firing to furnace or
vitrification temperature, bonds adjacent ceramic materials that vitrify
at a still higher temperature (fired bond). AGI
Refractories in which the constituents are held together by a suitable
bonding material, as distinguished from fused refractories.
Henderson
a. A brick that is half as wide again as a standard square (rectangular or
arch); such bricks are sometimes used to begin or end a course of bonded
brickwork. Dodd
b. In mining, one who welds copper connections in place between the joints
of track rails, used for trolley locomotives, to complete the electrical
circuit between the sections of rails. Syn:bondman
See:bonder
In crushing, the total work useful in breakage that has been applied to a
stated weight of homogeneous broken material is invariably proportioned to
the square root of the diameter of the product particles.
Syn:work index
a. A hard coallike substance high in noncombustible mineral matter; often
found above or below, or in partings between, layers of relatively pure
coal. Hess
b. In the anthracite-coal trade, a carbonaceous shale containing approx.
40% to 60% of noncombustible materials. Syn:bone coal; bony coal.
Hess
c. A tough, fine-grained, gray, white, or reddish quartz. Hess
d. A layer of hard, impure coal which sometimes grades uniformly into the
adjacent softer coal and sometimes is sharply separated from it. Bone is
usually a mixture of clay shale particles with the coal, the clay
particles being well distributed. Kentucky
The white porous residue containing chiefly tribasic calcium phosphate
from bones calcined in air and used esp. in making cupels, pottery, and
glass and in cleaning jewelry; also, synthetic tribasic calcium phosphate
used similarly. Webster 3rd
Applied to strata or layers that contain innumerable fragments of fossil
bones, scales, teeth, coprolites, and other organic remains. Fay
a. Coal with a high ash content, almost rock. See also:bone
Syn:true middlings
b. Coal that has a high ash content. It is hard and compact.
Syn:bony coal
c. Argillaceous partings in coal, sometimes called slate. AGI
The calcium phosphate of bones and of phosphatic rocks, such as found in
North Carolina; so called in commerce. See also:phosphorite
Standard, 2
Tricalcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2 . The phosphate
content of phosphorite may be expressed as percentage of bone phosphate of
lime. Abbrev: BPL. AGI
See:odontolite
a. A covering over a mine cage, which serves as a roof to shield it from
objects falling down the shaft, thereby protecting the riders.
Syn:cage cover
b. A cap piece for an upright timber. Zern
c. The metal casing of a miner's flame safety lamp, with openings at the
top and a hook for carrying the lamp. The bonnet protects the inner gauze
from damage and from the impact of high-velocity air.
See also:safety lamp
d. Syn:air dome
e. The cap over the end of a pipe. Strock, 1