a. The weight of an object or material divided by its volume, including
the volume of its pore spaces; specif. the weight per unit volume of a
soil mass that has been oven-dried to a constant weight at 105 degrees C.
CF:apparent density
b. The ratio of the weight of a collection of discrete particles to the
volume that it occupies. BS, 5
c. The weight of a material, on being compacted in a defined way, per unit
volume (including voids). Taylor
d. The weight per unit volume of any material, including water; the weight
in pounds per cubic foot (kg/m3 ). See also:apparent density;
density; loading weight. Nelson
Explosives not individually packaged in a form usable in the field.
Includes ammonium nitrate-fuel oil, slurries, water gels, and other
similar blasting agents; often loaded directly into blast holes from a
bulk delivery truck. Federal Mine Safety
a. A watertight dam containing some form of door or removable plate.
See also:dam
b. A tight partition of wood, rock, and mud or concrete in mines for
protection against gas, fire, and water.
c. A masonry diaphragm built across a subaqueous tunnel, where compressed
air is used as a precaution, and to prevent the flooding of an entire
tunnel in case of an accident. It is usually kept some distance in the
rear of the working face and is provided with two air locks; one of them
is an emergency lock near the roof. Stauffer
d. A stone, steel, wood, or concrete wall-like structure primarily
designed to resist earth or water pressure, such as a retaining wall
holding back the ground from sliding into a channel, or a partition
preventing water from entering a working area in a mine. AGI
e. A timber chock in metal mines. Nelson
f. The end of a flume, whence water is carried in iron pipes to hydraulic
workings.
g. A solid crib used to support a very heavy roof. See also:cog; chock.
h. A panel of brick of lesser cross-sectional thickness built into a wall
for ease of replacement or for entrance to the walled chamber.
AISI
a. The increase in volume of a material due to manipulation. Rock bulks
upon being excavated; damp sand bulks if loosely deposited, such as by
dumping, because the apparent cohesion prevents movement of the soil
particles to form a reduced volume. ASCE
b. The difference in volume of a given mass of sand or other fine material
in moist and dry conditions; it is expressed as a percentage of the volume
in a dry condition. Taylor
Chemically inert materials for increasing the volume of a composition;
e.g., clay. Also called a filler. Bennett
A method of mining in which large quantities of low-grade ore are mined
without attempt to segregate the high-grade portions.
CF:selective mining
A mass of explosive material prepared for use in bulk form without
packaging. Atlas
The number that expresses a material's resistance to elastic changes in
volume; e.g., the number of pounds per square inch necessary to cause a
specified change in volume. See also:modulus of elasticity;
modulus of rigidity. Leet, 1
The ratio of a tensile or compressive stress, triaxial and equal in all
directions (e.g., hydrostatic pressure), to the relative change it
produces in volume. Roark
a. A flotation process in which large amounts of oil are used.
b. In this process the separation of mineral from gangue is accomplished
by virtue of the fact that minerals of metallic luster, such as sulfides,
or hydrocarbons, such as coal and graphite, are wetted preferentially by
oil in the presence of water and consequently pass into the interface
between oil and water, while gangue or rock is wetted by water and remains
in the medium. See also:flotation
A concentration process based on selective wetting of minerals by oil in
the presence of water and in the absence of air. Kirk
Primarily excavation of considerable length as well as of substantial
volume or bulk that must be hauled from the site of operations. Also
called enbankment digging. Carson, 1
One of the large samples of a few hundredweight or more taken at regular,
though widely spaced, intervals. In the case of coal, a car load may be
taken at intervals for size analysis and dirt content. Nelson
The taking of large samples, which may consist of large-diameter drill
core, the contents of a trench or mine working, or a car or train load of
ore material, for metallurgical testing in mine evaluation. Peters
Ratio of the weight in air of a given volume of permeable material
(including both permeable and impermeable voids normal to the material) at
a stated temperature to the weight in air of an equal volume of distilled
water at a stated temperature. Also called specific mass gravity.
ASCE
The strength per unit volume of an explosive calculated from its weight
strength and density. See also:cartridge strength;
absolute bulk strength.
A term used relative to the density and volume of a porous solid, such as
a refractory brick. It is defined as the volume of the solid material plus
the volume of the sealed and open pores present. Dodd
In this kind of excavation, there is complete access to the site from many
directions, and the excavation banks can be sloped flatly on two or more
sides. Usually shallower in depth than bulk pit excavations but larger in
area. CF:bulk pit excavation
a. An iron rod used in ramming clay to line a shothole.
See also:clay iron
b. Aust. See:drag; backstay.
c. N.S.W. To enlarge the bottom of a drilled hole to increase the
explosive charge. New South Wales
Electrolytic method of descaling iron and steel and coating the surface
with a protective layer of tin. Pryor, 3
A bulldozer fitted with a curved bowl hinged to the top of the front of
the blade. Nichols, 1