A tower in which a liquid absorbs a gas.
A field term denoting, in accordance with an arbitrary scale established
for use in describing banded coal, a frequency of occurrence of vitrain
bands comprising 30% to 60% of the total coal layer.
CF:dominant vitrain; moderate vitrain; sparse vitrain. AGI
A surface or mass provided to withstand thrust, for example, the end
supports of an arch or bridge. In coal mining, (1) the weight of the rocks
above a narrow roadway is transferred to the solid coal along the sides,
which act as abutments of the arch of strata spanning the roadway; and (2)
the weight of the rocks over a longwall face is transferred to the front
abutment (the solid coal ahead of the face) and the back abutment (the
settled packs behind the face). See also:overarching weight;
pressure arch; load transfer. Syn:arch structure
In underground mining, the weight of rock above an excavation that has
been transferred to the adjoining walls. Pryor, 3
Pillars intended to support vertical load in excess of the weight of the
strata directly above them. Generally, these abutment pillars are large
pillars adjacent to smaller pillars, sometimes called yield pillars, which
are incapable of carrying the weight of the strata above them.
SME, 1
See:abyssal
That part of the sea occupying the ocean basins proper. Fay
a. A very deep, unfathomable place. The term is used to refer to a
particularly deep part of the ocean, or to any part below 3,000 fathoms
(18,000 ft or 5.5 km). Hunt
b. Syn:pit; pot; pothole; chasm; shaft.
a. Pertaining to an igneous intrusion that occurs at considerable depth,
or to the resulting rock; plutonic. CF:hypabyssal
b. Pertaining to the ocean environment or depth zone of 500 fathoms (3,000
ft or 915 m) or deeper; also, pertaining to the organisms of that
environment. AGI
c. Of, or pertaining to, deep within the Earth, the oceanic deeps below
1,000 fathoms (6,000 ft or 1.83 km), or great depths of seas or lakes
where light is absent. See also:plutonic
d. In oceanography, relating to the greatest depths of the ocean; relating
to the abyssal realm. Syn:abysmal
A deposit of the deep sea, accumulating in depths of more than 1,500
fathoms (9,000 ft or 2.7 km) of water; these deposits comprise the organic
oozes, various muds, and red clay of the deepest regions. CTD
The process by which magmas, originating at considerable depths, are
considered to have been driven up through deep-seated contraction
fissures.
An area of the ocean floor with a slope of less than 1 in 1,000 or flat,
nearly level areas that occupy the deepest portions of many ocean basins.
Schieferdecker
The deep waters of the ocean below 1,000 fathoms or 6,000 ft (1.83 km).
A theory of mineral-deposit formation involving the separation and sinking
of ore minerals below a silicate shell during the cooling of the Earth
from a liquid stage, followed by their transport to and deposition in the
crust as it was fractured (Shand, 1947). Modern thought ascribes more
complex origins to mineral deposits. AGI
The marine-life zone of the deep sea embracing the water and bottom below
a depth of 6,000 ft (1.83 km). Stokes
Relating to that part of the abyssal realm that includes the ocean floor;
pertaining to or living on the ocean floor at great depths. CTD
See:batholith
a. Relating to that part of the abyssal realm that excludes the ocean
floor; floating in the depths of the ocean. CTD
b. Pertaining to that portion of the deep waters of the ocean that lie
below depths of 6,000 ft (1.83 km). AGI
A monoclinic mineral, 4[Ag2 S] ; dimorphous with argentite,
pseudohexagonal, in slender prisms; sp gr, 7.2 to 7.3; a source of silver.
A test to indicate the effect of weather on coal, in which the coal is
alternately exposed to freezing, wetting, warming, and light; the
alternation may be varied to suit. This test may be applied to other
bituminous materials. Hess
a. A machine that accelerates electrically charged atomic particles, such
as electrons, protons, deuterons, and alpha particles, to high velocities.
Lyman
b. A substance added to increase the rate of a chemical reaction.
Nelson