Ensign-Bickford master fuse lighter
A shell, similar to a shotgun cartridge, that contains an ignition
compound in the base. As many as seven fuses can be pushed into the shell
until the fuses contact the ignition compound. The lighting of one fuse,
which burns into the shell, sets off the compound and ignites the other
six fuses. Lewis
An orthorhombic mineral, 2[MgSiO3 ] ; pyroxene group; dimorphous
with clinoenstatite; a common rock-forming mineral in basalt, gabbro,
norite, pyroxenite, and peridotite. Formerly called amblystegite,
bronzite, chladnite, ficinite, hypersthene (in part), orthobronzite,
orthoenstatite, orthohypersthene (in part), paulite, peckhamite,
protobasite, shepardite, and victorite. See also:pyroxene
A group name for the orthopyroxenes of the MgSiO3 -FeSiO3
isomorphous series. It includes enstatite, hypersthene, and
orthoferrosilite. CF:clinoenstenite
The process of picking up and carrying along, as the collecting and
movement of sediment by currents, or the incorporation of air bubbles into
a cement slurry. AGI
a. A measure of the unavailable energy in a system; i.e., energy that
cannot be converted into another form of energy. AGI
b. A measure of the mixing of different kinds of sediment; high entropy is
approach to unmixed sediment of one kind. AGI
c. Ratio of amount of heat added to air to the absolute temperature at
which it is added. Measured in Btu. Hartman, 1
d. Specific entropy is the ratio of entropy to weight of substance.
Strock, 2
a. In coal mining a haulage road, gangway, or airway to the surface.
b. An underground passage used for haulage or ventilation, or as a manway.
Back entry, the air course parallel to and below an entry. Distinguished
from straight entry, front entry, or main entry. Dip entry, an entry
driven downhill so that water will stand at the face directly down a steep
dip slope. Gob entry, a wide entry with a heap of refuse or gob along one
side. Slab entry, an entry that is widened or slabbed to provide a working
place for a second miner. Double entry, a system of opening a mine by two
parallel entries; the air current is brought into the rooms through one
entry and out through the parallel entry or air course. Cutoff entry, an
entry driven to intersect another and furnish a more convenient outlet for
the coal. Single entry, a system of opening a mine by driving a single
entry only, in place of a pair of entries. The air current returns along
the face of the rooms, which must be kept open. Triple entry, a system of
opening a mine by driving three parallel entries for the main entries.
Twin entry, a pair of entries close together and carrying the air current
in and out, so laid out that rooms can be worked from both entries. Also
called double entry.
c. A coal heading. To develop a coal mine in the United States, one or
more sets of main entries are driven into the take. Each set consists of
four to eight coal headings, connected at intervals by crosscuts. From
these, and usually at right angles, butt entries, three to six in number,
are driven at intervals of up to 1,500 yd (1.37 km). Between the sets of
butt entries, face entries, three to four in number, are driven at
intervals of up to 500 yd (0.46 km) to form a block or panel. The entries
to split the panels may be 12 to 20 ft (3.7 to 6.1 m) wide and at 50- to
100-ft (15.2- to 30.5-m) centers. Each entry is made as productive as
possible, and productivity is often higher in the entry work than in
pillar extraction. See also:pillar-and-stall
A passage for air parallel to an entry.
See:underground mine conveyor; entry table.
A combination mining machine designed and built to work in entries and
other narrow places, and to load coal as it is broken down. An
undercutting frame and two vertical shearing frames serve to undercut and
shear the sides of the coal, so that the ram equipped with bars and
operated by hydraulic jacks can break down the coal. The height at which
the ram operates against the coal, when the undercut and shearing are
completed, is adjustable. A conveyor in the undercutting frame carries the
broken-down coal back to another conveyor mounted on a turntable so that
the coal can be loaded into a mine car, or slate can be deposited on the
gob side of the entry. The entire machine is mounted in a pan.
Kiser
In bituminous coal mining, one who operates a type of coal cutter known as
a heading machine that is adapted to the driving of underground
haulageways in coal from one part of the mine to another or to the
surface. Also called entry driving machine operator. DOT
a. A miner who works in an entry. Fay
b. One who enters upon public land with intent to secure an allotment
under homestead, mining, or other laws. Webster 3rd
c. In anthracite and bituminous coal mining, one who is engaged in driving
a haulageway, airway, or passageway from one place to another in the mine
or to the surface. Also called heading driver. DOT
Pillars of coal left in the mouths of abandoned rooms to support the road,
entry, or gangway until the entry pillars are drawn. In Arkansas, these
pillars are called entry stumps even when the rooms are first driven,
before any pillars are pulled or the rooms abandoned. Fay
A conveyor that transports material to the feeding position of a machine.
a. The outer or covering part of a fold, esp. of a folded structure that
includes some sort of structural break. CF:core
b. A metamorphic rock surrounding an igneous intrusion.
c. In a mineral, an outer part different in origin from an inner part.
An analysis of environmental conditions which may involve baseline
environmental analyses and data gathered with regard to zoological,
botanical, geologic, and economic factors. This data may be utilized for
environmental impact statements. Abbrev.: EA. SME, 1
An evaluation of environmental conditions at a particular facility or
site. Major items that could be relevant to an environmental audit for a
mining facility may include information on permits, surface and mineral
rights, mine ownership and violations, archaeological sites, hydrology
issues, air pollution, waste disposal, impoundments, mine fires,
underground injections and previously mined areas. SME, 1
Environmental Impact Statement
A statement which is prepared by a Federal agency with regard to a permit,
and is required under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The
EIS may include but is not limited to information relating to the purposes
and needs to which the agency is responding by the preparation of the EIS,
alternatives, and the environmental consequences which may arise from the
proposed action. SME, 1
a. Pertaining to the wind; esp. said of such deposits as loess and dune
sand, of sedimentary structures such as wind-formed ripple marks, or of
erosion and deposition accomplished by the wind. AGI
b. Said of the active phase of a dune cycle, marked by diminished vegetal
control and increased dune growth. Etymol: Aeolus, god of the winds.
Syn:aeolian
Wind-deposited accumulations, such as loess and dune sand. Stokes
A consolidated sedimentary rock consisting of clastic material deposited
by the wind; e.g., dune sand cemented below ground-water level by calcite.
AGI
A placer concentrated by wind action.