See:fault scarp
A fissure that is the result of faulting. It may or may not be filled with
vein material. AGI
A structure that is associated with a combination of folding and nearly
vertical faulting, in which crustal material that has been fractured into
elongate strips tends to drape over the uplifted areas to resemble
anticlines and to crumple into the downthrown areas to resemble synclines.
AGI
A depression between the offset ends of a ridge developed on a resistant
rock layer that has been displaced by a transverse fault. Stokes
A layer of hardened clay lining a fault plane, commonly showing grooves
and striae indicating the direction of most recent movement.
Syn:fault casing
One of the undulations on a fault surface, deeper than fault striae but
similarly formed. They record larger movements and have greater
significance as indicating the direction of movement. Stokes
Intermittent, small-scale movement along a fault surface that,
accumulated, results in considerable displacement. AGI
The amount of lateral movement of the strata at a fault. The fault throw
and heave are essential elements of a fault and form basic values when
exploring and driving to recover the disrupted coal seam.
See also:fault shift
The process of fracturing and displacement that produces a fault.
AGI
An isolated exposure of the overridden rock in a region of thrust
faulting. It is surrounded by rocks of the overriding block and is thus
separated from other surface exposures of rock like itself. Stokes
The intersection of a fault surface or a fault plane with the surface of
the Earth or with any artificial surface of reference. Syn:fault trace;
fault trend.
An escarpment that is the result of differential erosion along a fault
line rather than the direct result of movement along the fault; e.g., the
east face of the Sierra Nevada in California.
A valley that follows the line of a fault. Fault valleys are usually
straight for long distances. Stokes
An area divided by intersecting faults into blocks that have settled in
varying degrees. Stokes
A fault surface without notable curvature. See also:plane
CF:fault surface
An escarpment that owes its relief to a line of faulting, the escarpment
occurring on the upthrown side of the fault. See also:scarp
A group of faults that are parallel, or nearly so, and that are related to
a particular deformational episode. CF:fault system
The lateral movement of the rocks at a fault. In a normal fault it
represents the barren ground on a plan of the area (coal mining).
Syn:fault heave
The scratches on faulted surfaces caused by forced movement of particles
or projecting hard points against the fault walls. They may indicate the
direction of movement on the fault. CF:slickensides
The direction, with respect to north, of the intersection of the fault
surface, or of the shear zone, with a horizontal plane. See:strike
AGI
Rock filling a fault. See also:fault breccia