a. A flotation process in which the minerals floated gather in and on the
surface of bubbles of air or gas driven into or generated in the liquid in
some convenient manner. See also:film flotation
b. The separating of finely crushed minerals from one another by causing
some to float in a froth and others to remain in suspension in the pulp.
Oils and various chemicals are used to activate, make floatable, or
depress the minerals. CTD
c. A process for cleaning fine coal, copper, lead, zinc, phosphate,
kaolin, etc. with the aid of a reagent; the coal or minerals become
attached to air bubbles in a liquid medium and float as a froth.
BS, 5
a. A reagent used to control the size and stability of the air bubbles in
the flotation process. Syn:foaming agent; frother. BS, 5
b. A chemical used in the flotation process to aid collector-coated
mineral particles to cling to risen air bubbles. The froth thus formed is
transient and should persist only long enough to permit its removal from
the flotation cell. Terpenes, pine oil, cresyls, amyl alcohol, and alcohol
derivatives are among the agents used. Pryor, 3
A collector that also produces a stable foam. Bennett
A chemical compound used with a frothing agent. Increases greatly the
recovery in a flotation process. Bennett
See:foamy amber
In surveying a curve with offset y, y = x3 / 6 l r, x being the
distance from the tangent point, l the length of transition, and r the
radius of circular arc. Pryor, 3
Said of the contact between the wall of a vein and the mineral deposit
filling it, in which the vein material adheres closely to the wall; also,
said of the vein material and of the wall. AGI
Coal that adheres strongly to the rock above or below it. Fay
Ground that has a temperature below freezing and generally contains a
variable amount of water in the form of ice. CF:permafrost
A type of spotted slate with spots suggestive of grains of wheat.
See also:fleckschiefer; garbenschiefer.
An ore-beneficiation apparatus consisting essentially of a rubber belt
traveling up a slight inclination. The material to be treated is washed by
a constant flow of water while the entire belt is shaken from side to
side. Liddell
The siliceous cell wall of a diatom, consisting of two valves, one
overlapping the other. It is ornate, microscopic, and boxlike. AGI
Bright-green chromium muscovite. Syn:chrome mica
An informal name applied loosely to any indefinite traillike or tunnellike
sedimentary structure identified as a trace fossil but not referred to a
described genus. It was once considered to be the remains of the marine
alga Fucus, and later was regarded as a feeding burrow of a marine animal
and assigned to the plantlike genus Fucoides. The term has been broadly
applied to crustacean tracks, worm burrows, molluscan trails, marks made
by the tide or waves, and rill marks. AGI
Bitumen derived from the hydration of fucose pentosane and found among
clays and sands in California. Tomkeieff
A substance that can be economically burned to produce heat energy for
domestic or industrial purposes. Fuels include compounds of carbon and
hydrogen and exclude other substances that can be burned. Fuels can be
subdivided into recent plant fuels, fossil fuels, such as peat and coal,
and products of distillation of plant or fossil fuels. According to their
state of aggregation, fuels can be subdivided into solid, liquid, and
gaseous fuels. Tomkeieff
A contrivance for supplying a furnace with fuel in graduated quantities. A
mechanical stoker. Fay
The ratio of fixed carbon to volatile matter in coal.
Applied to air moving through the fan that never reaches the working
faces. It leaks through poor stoppings, around doors and so on, back into
the returns without moving anywhere near the active sections. Surveys of
some mines show that up to 80% of the air moving through the fan never
reaches the working faces. Coal Age, 3
A substance that was present in a magma but was lost during
crystallization, so that it does not commonly appear as a rock
constituent.
The particulate matter not emitted from a duct or stack that becomes
airborne due to the forces of wind or surface coal mining and reclamation
operations or both. During surface coal mining and reclamation operations
it may include emissions from haul roads; wind erosion of exposed
surfaces, storage piles, and spoil piles; reclamation operations; and
other activities in which material is either removed, stored, transported,
or redistributed.