See:rock pressure
A methodology for the analysis of spatially correlated data. The
characteristic feature is the use of variograms or related techniques to
quantify and model the spatial correlation structure. Also includes the
various techniques such as kriging, which utilize spatial correlation
models.
A mobile downwarping of the crust of the Earth, either elongate or
basinlike, measured in scores of kilometers, in which sedimentary and
volcanic rocks accumulate to thicknesses of thousands of meters. A
geosyncline may form in part of a tectonic cycle, in which orogeny
follows. Recognition of the plate structure of the lithosphere has led to
appreciation that nearly all geosynclinal phenomena are related to ocean
opening and closing. CF:mobile belt
geanticline. AGI
A written and/or graphic record of the data obtained from drillhole core.
In addition to the data given in geologic logs, geotechnical logs require
more detail on discontinuities such as fractures, joints, bedding, rock
quality designation, and hydrologic conditions. CF:geologic log
Peters
The application of scientific methods and engineering principles to the
acquisition, interpretation, and use of knowledge of materials of the
Earth's crust for the solution of engineering problems; the applied
science of making the Earth more habitable. It embraces the fields of soil
mechanics and rock mechanics, and many of the engineering aspects of
geology, geophysics, hydrology, and related sciences. Syn:geotechnique
AGI
See:geotechnics
The application of scientific methods and engineering techniques to the
exploitation and use of natural resources. AGI
See:tectonic
See:tectonics
See:isogeotherm
Pertaining to the heat of the interior of the Earth. Syn:geothermic
AGI
The rate of increase of temperature in the Earth with depth. The gradient
differs from place to place depending on the heat flow in the region and
the thermal conductivity of the rocks. The average geothermal gradient in
the Earth's crust approximates 25 degrees C per kilometer of depth.
AGI
See:geothermal
An indicator of the temperature at which some reaction took place or some
geologic process was active. Syn:geologic thermometer
The adaptation of computer aided tomography (CAT) scan technology to
tomographic analysis of geologic features such as fractures and differing
rock types. In geotomography, the software analyzes the energy ray paths
between a transmitter and receiver that are placed in separate drill
holes, at various locations along a single drill hole, or along an
underground opening. Various types of energy waves, such as seismic,
acoustic, electromagnetic, or X-rays, can be analyzed by the computer
software to create an image. Jessop
An amorphous mineral, (Mn,Ca)2 (Nb,Ti)5 O12 .9H (sub
2) O(?) ; forms a series with manganbelyankinite; soft; in ussingite
pegmatites in the Lovozero massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia.
A basic copper nitrate containing 52.9% copper. Crystallization,
orthorhombic. Cleavage, yields flexible laminae. Tenacity, fragile, and
sectile. Mohs hardness, 2; sp gr, 3.426; luster, vitreous, brilliant;
color, deep emerald-green; streak, light green; transparent; soluble in
dilute acids. From Jerome, AZ. Weed, 1
An orthorhombic mineral, Cu2 (NO3 )(OH)3 ; dark to
emerald green; soft; occurs with atacamite, brochantite, malachite, and
azurite in oxidized zones of copper deposits in arid and semiarid regions.
A straw tube filled with gunpowder and used as a fuse. Not used in coal
mines. CTD
Synthetic Pb5 (GeO4 )3 Cl ; forms apatite structure.