A deposit that has resulted from surficial oxidation. Bateman, 2
Metalliferous minerals altered by weathering and the action of surface
waters, and converted, partly or wholly, into oxides, carbonates, or
sulfates. These compounds are characteristic of metalliferous deposits at
the surface and often to a considerable depth. See also:mixed ore
Nelson
The portion of an orebody near the surface that: (1) has been leached by
percolating water carrying oxygen, carbon dioxide, or other gases; or (2)
in which sulfide minerals have been partially dissolved and redeposited at
depth, the residual portion changing to oxides, carbonates, and sulfates.
CF:gossan; sulfide zone. Syn:zone of oxidation
See also:supergene enrichment
A material that readily yields oxygen or other oxidizing substances needed
for an explosive reaction to take place; solid oxidizers common in
industrial explosives are ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate.
In blowpiping, the outer, least visible, and less intense part of the
flame, from which oxygen may be added to the compound being tested.
See also:blowpiping
An oxidation process used for fire refining bismuth, gold, and silver; the
crude metals are melted down with oxidizing fluxes, so that the impurities
are oxidized during the melting period and become part of the slag.
Newton, 1
See:pyritic smelting
An explosive prepared by dissolving picric acid in nitric acid.
Fay
A mixture of oxygen, O2 , and acetylene gas, C2 H2 ,
in such proportions as to produce the hottest flame known for practical
use. Oxyacetylene welding and cutting is used in almost every metalworking
industry. Crispin
An appliance for cutting metals by means of a flame obtained from
acetylene and compressed oxygen, which are stored in separate steel
cylinders. Oxyhydrogen and oxycoal gas flames are also used.
Nelson
A plastic cement formed by mixing finely ground caustic magnesite with a
solution of magnesium chloride. AGI
A nonmetallic element, normally colorless, odorless, tasteless,
nonflammable diatomic gas. Symbol, O. Occurs uncombined in the air to the
extent of about 21% by volume and is combined in water, in most rocks and
minerals, and in a great variety of organic compounds. Oxygen is very
reactive and capable of combining with most elements. Essential for
respiration in all plants and animals and for practically all combustion.
Oxygen enrichment of steel blast furnaces accounts for the greatest use of
the gas. Used in manufacturing ammonia, methanol, and ethylene oxide.
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 3
The amount of oxygen in an explosive mixture, expressed in weight percent,
liberated as a result of complete conversion of explosive material to CO
2 , H2 O, SO2 , Al2 O3 , and other
non-toxic gases; referred to as positive oxygen balance; negative oxygen
balance is a deficient amount of oxygen leading to incomplete oxidation of
explosive materials resulting in the possible formation of toxic gases,
such as CO and NO.
A steelmaking process in which the air blown through the bottom tuyeres is
enriched with oxygen. If oxygen alone is used, tuyere wear is excessive.
Oxygen plus steam or oxygen plus carbon dioxide can be used. Also called
oxy-Thomas. See also:O
A person working hard requires about 10 ft3 /min (283 L/min) of
air to supply adequate oxygen. Hammond
See:anoxia
A concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere equal to or less than 19.5% by
volume. OSHA
An atmosphere containing more than 23.5% oxygen by volume. OSHA
Employed as an autogeneous matte smelting process for smelting
copper-nickel concentrate. Newton, 1
Electrolytic copper free from cuprous oxide; produced without the use of
residual metallic or metalloidal deoxidizers. ASM, 1
A process used in steel making in which pure oxygen is blown down onto the
bath in a converterlike vessel. Osborne