Pertaining to material deposited in a swamp or marsh environment.
CF:paludal
a. A monoclinic and orthorhombic mineral, (OH)2 (Mg,Al)4
(Si,Al)8 O20 .8H2 O ; fibrous; in desert soils.
b. A general name for lightweight fibrous clay minerals showing
significant substitution of aluminum for magnesium; characterized by
distinctive rodlike shapes under an electron microscope.
Syn:attapulgite
a. A branch of science concerned with the study of pollen of seed plants
and spores of other embryophytic plants, whether living or fossil,
including their dispersal and applications in stratigraphy and
paleoecology. AGI
b. The study of the fossilized spores and pollen grains of the plants,
esp. those whose remains contributed to the formation of coal seams.
CF:paleobotany; paleontology. Nelson
a. A shallow steel or porcelain dish in which drillers or samplers wash
drill sludge to a gravity concentrate and separate the particles of heavy
minerals from the lighter-density rock powder to ascertain if the rocks
traversed by the borehole contain minerals of value. Syn:tin dish
Long
b. Hardpan.
c. Fireclay or underclay of coal seams.
d. A trough or section of a pan conveyor or shaker conveyor.
Nelson
e. The framework of a belt or chain conveyor. See also:tray
Mason
f. A circular steel dish from 10 to 16 in (25 to 40 cm) in diameter at the
top, from 2 to 2-1/2 in (5.1 to 6.4 cm) deep, and with sides sloping at 35
degrees to 40 degrees to the horizontal, used for testing and working
placer deposits. Syn:batea; miner's pan; prospecting pan; gold pan.
CF:dish
g. A carrying scraper. Nichols, 1
h. See:panning
See:tetrahedrite
A former name for tetrahedrite. See also:tetrahedrite
See pan-amalgamation process.
Method of recovering silver and gold from their ores, in which a cast iron
pan or barrel is used for contacting a slurry of the crushed ore with
salt, copper sulfate, and mercury; the released silver and gold form an
amalgam with the mercury. Syn:pan amalgamation
Mineral jig developed for treatment of alluvial sands. Pryor, 3
a. See:ribbon
b. Any of concrete discs that are stacked to form concrete columns for
stope support. They are cast at the surface and are usually 30 in (76.2
cm) diameter by 4 in (10.2 cm) thick with reinforcement from wire rope.
Higham
An explosive composed of liquid nitrogen tetroxide mixed with carbon
disulfide or other liquid combustible, in the proportion of three volumes
of the former to two of the combustible. Fay
a. A conveyor comprising one or more endless chains or other linkage to
which usually overlapping or interlocking pans are attached to form a
series of shallow, open-topped containers. Some pan conveyors have been
known also as apron conveyors.
b. Jigging conveyor; a trough down which coal slides after mining and
loading in dipping seams, with motion being aided by a shaking action.
See also:jigger
c. A trough conveyor or gravity conveyor. Nelson
a. See:priceite
b. A name for firm, compact, porcelainlike masses of colemanite.
a. A runner mill for grinding or mixing granular material.
b. Steel supporting plates on which furnace bottom refractories are
placed.
a. A large rectangular block or pillar of coal.
b. A method of working whereby the workings of a mine are divided into
sections, each surrounded by solid strata and coal with only necessary
roads through the coal barrier. Also spelled pannel. Mason
c. The working of coal seams in separate panels or districts; e.g., single
unit panel. See also:panel working
d. Rectangle of lode ore that is defined by means of levels and winzes and
then considered to be proved as regards volume for valuation purposes.
Pryor, 3
e. A group of breasts or rooms separated from the other workings by large
pillars. Fay
f. A small portion of coal left uncut. Webster 3rd
The pillar of coal left between the adjacent panels. These pillars are
often worked on the retreat after the coal in the panels has been
extracted. In the panel system of bord-and-pillar mining, the panel
barrier may be 22 yd (20 m) (minimum) wide and about 300 yd (274 m) apart.
In longwall panel mining, the barriers may be made of sufficient width for
extraction by a conveyor face on the retreat. Also called panel pillar.
See also:Bolsover experiment
a. In stoping, the process of mining out a panel either from above, below,
or one side as described by a qualifying term. Pryor, 3
b. See:top slicing and cover caving
a. Working laid out in districts or panels, which are then extracted as
single units. The panel system of working may be adopted with
pillar-and-stall and longwall methods.
See also:pillar methods of working
b. A system of working coal seams in which the colliery is divided up into
large squares or panels isolated or surrounded by solid ribs of coal of
which a separate set of breasts and pillars is worked, and the ventilation
is kept distinct; i.e., every panel has its own circulation, the air of
one not passing into the adjoining one, but being carried direct to the
main return airway. Zern
See:mill feeder
A head to a rivet or screw having the shape of a truncated cone.
Hammond