Proper functioning of a cationic or anionic flotation reagent is dependent
on the close control of pH. Modifying agents used are soda ash, sodium
hydroxide, sodium silicate, sodium phosphates, lime, sulfuric acid, and
hydrofluoric acid. Fuerstenau
A claylike mineral closely related to or identical with kaolinite.
Fay
The group of aluminous glauconites grading into normal (ferruginous)
glauconite and occurring in sedimentary rocks. Includes skolite and
bravaisite. Distinct from pholidolite of Nordenskiold. CF:illite
English
The extrusive equivalent of nepheline syenite. The principal mineral is
soda orthoclase or sanidine. Other major minerals are nepheline and
aegirine diopside, usually with other feldspathoidal minerals such as
sodalite or haueyne. Accessories include apatite and sphene. Phonolite is
an important ore progenitor, as at Cripple Creek, CO. Syn:clinkstone
A tetragonal mineral, 4[Pb2 (CO3 )Cl2 ] ; forms
stubby crystals; may be massive; adamantine; sp gr, 6.13; a
secondary mineral in lead deposits and from action of seawater on lead
slags and artifacts; commonly associated with cerussite and anglesite.
Syn:horn lead
Phosphorite that occurs as beds of small concretions resting on clay
surfaces or scattered in sands and limestone. AGI
a. n. Any mineral containing essential tetrahedral phosphate, (PO4
)3- , structural entities; e.g., apatite, amblygonite, or
monazite.
b. A mineral commodity supplying phosphorus, usually for agricultural or
chemical purposes. The source materials for phosphate are marine
phosphorite and, less commonly, guano and apatite-rich igneous rocks.
c. Adj., phosphatic. Pertaining to or containing phosphates or phosphoric
acid; said esp. of a sedimentary rock containing phosphatic minerals, such
as phosphatic limestone produced by secondary enrichment of phosphatic
material, or a phosphatic shale representing mixtures of primary and
secondary phosphate and clay minerals. CF:vanadate
In mining law, a leased area for phosphate lands may not exceed 2,560
acres (1,034 ha). A certain expenditure for mine development and
operations is required. A royalty of not less than 2% of the gross value
of the output must be paid, and an annual rental, similar to that for coal
lands, is imposed. Lewis
See:apatite
Any rock that contains one or more phosphatic minerals of sufficient
purity and quantity to permit its commercial use as a source of phosphatic
compounds or elemental phosphorus. About 90% of the world's production is
sedimentary phosphate rock, or phosphorite; the remainder is igneous rock
rich in apatite. Syn:rock phosphate
Black to brown, rounded mass, variable in size from a few millimeters to
30 or more centimeters. Usually consists of coprolites, corals, shells,
and bones, more or less enveloped in crusts of collophane. Found in many
horizons of marine origin. Also covering the ocean floors at many
locations around the world. AGI
A compound that is a combination of phosphorus with a metal; e.g.,
schreibersite, (Fe,Ni)3 P .
See:pseudomalachite
A monoclinic mineral, Zn2 (Fe,Mn)(PO4 )2 .4H2
O ; forms tabular crystals with perfect cleavage; vitreous; colorless to
pale blue-green; a secondary mineral from pegmatites; possibly in some
oxidized base-metal deposits.
Any material that has been prepared artificially and has the property of
luminescence, regardless of whether it exhibits phosphorescence.
CCD, 2; Lee
a. To combine or to impregnate with phosphorus; as phosphorated oil.
Syn:phosphorize
b. To make phosphorescent. Standard, 2
An elastic, hard and tough alloy, composed of 80% to 95% copper, 5% to 15%
tin, with phosphorus up to 2.5%. Nelson
a. Luminescence in which the stimulated substance continues to emit light
after the external stimulus has ceased; also, the light so produced. The
duration of the emission is temperature-dependent, and has a
characteristic rate of decay. CF:fluorescence; luminescence.
Webster 3rd
b. A misnomer for the property of emitting light without sensible heat;
luminescence. Although light is produced by a biochemical reaction
involving phosphorus, bioluminescence is the preferred term. Hy
A clear, colorless, sparkling liquid or a transparent orthorhombic
crystal; H3 PO4 (orthophosphoric acid), depending on the
concentration and the temperature. At ordinary atmospheric temperature (20
degrees C), the 50% and 75% acids are mobile liquids, the 85% acid is
syrupy, and the 100% acid is in crystals; specific gravity, 1.834 (at 18
degrees C); melting point, 42.35 degrees C; boiling point, 260 degrees C;
soluble in water and in alcohol; and very corrosive to ferrous metals and
alloys. CCD, 2; Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 2
A sedimentary rock with a high enough content of phosphate minerals to be
of economic interest. Most commonly it is a bedded primary or reworked
secondary marine rock composed of microcrystalline carbonate fluorapatite
in the form of laminae; pellets; oolites; nodules; skeletal, shell, and
bone fragments; and guano. Aluminum and iron phosphate minerals
(wavellite, millisite) are usually of secondary formation.
See also:brown rock; bone phosphate; pebble phosphate. AGI
See:phosphorate