Ralston's classification of coal
A classification based on the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
in the ash-, moisture-, sulfur-, and nitrogen-free coal. These figures are
plotted on trilinear coordinates giving well-defined zones of bituminous
coals, lignites, peats, etc. Miall
a. To stem; tamp. Mason
b. Black ram, bog iron ore; gold ram, gold ore. Arkell
c. The plunger of a pump. Zern
d. A mechanical pusher for forcing (discharging) coke from a byproduct
coke oven. Mersereau, 2
e. An appliance for exerting a pressure on face equipment, such as steel
supports, conveyors, or plows. See also:hydraulic ram; pneumatic ram.
Nelson
A monoclinic mineral, Ag3 Pb6 Sb11 S24 ; forms
dark-gray twinned prismatic to lance-shaped crystals; at Potosi, Bolivia.
CF:andorite
Loose stone, or waste rock; loose sandy or stony barren soil; mixed shale
and sandstone. Also spelled: rammell.
An orthorhombic mineral, NiAs2 ; loellingite group; trimorphous
with pararammelsbergite and krutovite; metallic; tin white; sp gr, 7.1; in
vein deposits. Syn:white nickel
A rod for charging and stemming shotholes. See also:stemmer
Nelson
a. See:stemming; tamping.
b. See:scaling
ramming and patching refractories
Those which can be rammed to form a monolithic furnace lining or special
shapes.
In bituminous coal mining, a laborer who tends operation of, adjusts, and
repairs pumping devices (rams) used in low places in shallow mines to
force a portion of the mine water to the surface by utilization of the
flow of the entire amount. Nearly obsolete. See:pumper
a. A fault that is a gravity (normal) fault near the surface but curves
through the vertical to dip in the opposite direction at depth, where the
displacement is that characteristic of a thrust.
b. A portion of a thrust fault that cuts across formational contacts in a
short distance. AGI
c. An incline connecting two levels in an open pit or underground mine.
a. A pump consisting essentially of a plunger or ram which forces the
contained water into the discharge pipe. See also:force pump
Nelson
b. A single-acting reciprocating pump that has a ram instead of a piston.
The ram has a constant diameter and does not fit closely in the cylinder,
pumping only by displacement. Hammond
a. A valley produced by the ramping or upthrusting of two masses, one on
either side of an intervening strip.
b. A valley bounded by thrust faults.
N 9ðf Üòf ³’ 5DICTIONARY TERMS:ram scraper A plow-type machine hauled by an endles
[\B]ram scraper[\N]
An orthorhombic mineral, MnO2 ; trimorphous with akhtenskite and
pyrolusite.
a. A prop set against the coal face that is undermined. Fay
b. A dull red marble with blue and white markings. From Belgium, and sold
in the United States as Belgian marble. Webster 2nd; Fay
a. A white, hard, shining grit, striped red. Arkell
b. A kind of variegated marble from Hainault, Belgium. Arkell
S. Afr. A ridge, range of hills, or highland on either side of a river
valley.
An abbrev. of Witwatersrand, the gold fields in the Republic of South
Africa.
A modification of the series process of copper refining in which the
electrodes lie horizontally, the top surface of each one acting as anode,
the lower as cathode. Theoretically, it has the advantage of extremely low
metal losses and great purity of copper. See also:Hayden process;
Smith process. Liddell
The direction of a rake vein.
Any error that is wholly due to chance and does not recur; an accidental
error. Ant: systematic error. AGI
a. A trial line, directed as nearly as may be toward a fixed terminal
point that is invisible from the initial point. Seelye, 2
b. A random traverse; i.e., a traverse run from an initial to a terminal
point to determine the direction of the latter from the former.
Seelye, 2